Who Began Halloween And What Was The Objective Of This Festivity?
Around 2,000 years ago, people identified as Celts lived in northern Europe in lands that currently are comprised of the United Kingdom, Ireland and Northern France. These individuals commemorated their new year each November 1. This particular date marked the conclusion of summer harvest and beginning of the long, cold winter. Human deaths were definitely associated with the winter months. The Celts thought the night prior to the new year was marked with a blur among life and death. So that night, October 31, was a special occasion called Samhain. The belief was that ghosts of the dead came back to earth producing trouble and destroying crops. The Celtic priests commonly called Druids would use these returning ghosts to create future predictions which were used for direction and comfort through the winter time.
The Druids would make enormous bonfires and the people would be likely to sacrifice portions of their crops and livestock to the Celtic deities. This celebration also involved people dressed in costumes of animal heads and skins as they tried to tell one an others fortunes.
As soon as the Romans conquered the region in 43 AD, they combined two Roman events with Samhain. Feralia was held in late October and it celebrated the passing of the dead and Pomona was celebrated for the goddess associated with fruit and trees. It truly is thought that apple bobbing was part of this event.
Christianity came into this area in 800. Pope Boniface IV designated November 1 to be All Saints Day to honor saints and martyrs. This was a church authorized holiday and was also identified as All-hallowmas. The night time before was named All-hallows Eve. In 1000 AD November 2 became All Souls Day in order to honor the departed by the church. Celebrations included big bonfires, parades and outfits of angels, devils and saints. All three events were now called the Eve of All Saints, All Saints and All Souls and they turned out to be Hallowmas.
Halloween in America
When Europeans immigrated to America, their practices and beliefs came along. The southern colonies including Maryland began a public celebration celebrating the harvest and nearby neighbors would take pleasure in telling accounts of the deceased, telling fortunes, singing and dancing. In mid 1800 these autumn celebrations were commonplace but they were not celebrated in all areas.
In the latter part of 1800, a lot of Irish immigrated to America bringing the Irish and English practice of Halloween. Costumes were worn and the practice of going house to house asking for food items and money started the tradition of trick-or-treat.
With the turn of the century, Halloween became a day of celebrations for both adults and children focusing on games, food and Halloween costumes. Nowadays this tradition of a Halloween party continues and it's believed that $6.9 billion is spent on the Halloween USA holiday per year.
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